Клонирование и анализ генов легких цепей иммуноглобулинов стерляди

Клонирование и анализ генов легких цепей иммуноглобулинов стерляди

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Èà                                                                      èììóíîãëîáóëèíû

ïí                                                                         ïàð íóêëåîòèäîâ

òïí                                                                òûñÿ÷ ïàð íóêëåîòèäîâ

å.à.                                                                    åäèíèöà àêòèâíîñòè

ÈÏÒà                                                          èçîïðîïèëòèîãàëàêòîçèä

ÒÅÌÅÄ                                          N,N,N,'N'-òåòðàìåòèë-ýòèëåí-äèàìèí

òðèñ                                                   òðèñ(ãèäðîêñèìåòèë)àìèíîìåòàí

äÍTÔ                                                       äåçîêñèàäåíîçèíòðèôîñôàò

ääÍÒÔ                                                  äèäåçîêñèíåêëåîòèäòðèôîñôàò

äÍÒÔ                                                      äåçîêñèíóêëåîòèäòðèôîñôàò

ðATÔ                                                           ðèáîàäåíîçèíòðèôîñôàò

ÄÒÒ                                                                           äèòèîòðåéòîë

Na2ÝÄÒÀ                                             ýòèëåíäèàìèíòåòðààöåòàò íàòðèÿ

SDS                                                               äîäåöèëñóëüôàò íàòðèÿ

X-Gal                                5-áðîìî-4-õëîðî-3-èíäîëèë-áåòà-D-ãàëàêòîçèä

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           îñíîâå ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèÿ ãóìîðàëüíîãî èììóíèòåòà ó ìëåêîïèòàþùèõ ëåæèò ñëîæíûé êîìïëåêñ ìîëåêóëÿðíî-ãåíåòè÷åñêèõ è ôèçèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ìåõàíèçìîâ, îáåñïå÷èâàþùèõ ðåîðãàíèçàöèþ, ìóòàãåíåç è êëîíàëüíóþ ýêñïðåññèþ ãåíîâ èììóíîãëîáóëèíîâ. Âîçíèêíîâåíèå ýòîé ïîäñèñòåìû èììóíèòåòà ñâÿçûâàþò ñ ïîÿâëåíèåì õðÿùåâûõ ðûá.

          Íà ðàííèõ ýòàïàõ ýâîëþöèè ãåíû Èà áûëè îðãàíèçîâàíû â âèäå ïîâòîðÿþùèõñÿ êëàñòåðîâ V-J-C ãåííûõ ñåãìåíòîâ. Ïðè ïîäîáíîé îðãàíèçàöèè ðàçíîîáðàçèå ïðîäóöèðóåìûõ àíòèòåë îñíîâûâàëîñü, ïðåæäå âñåãî, íà êîëè÷åñòâå èìåâøèõñÿ â ãåíîìå êëàñòåðîâ, êàæäûé èç êîòîðûõ êîäèðîâàë îäèí âàðèàíò ïîëèïåïòèäíûõ ñóáúåäèíèö ÈÃ.  õîäå äàëüíåéøåé ýâîëþöèè ïðîèçîøåë ïåðåõîä îò êëàñòåðíîé ê ñåãìåíòàðíîé îðãàíèçàöèè, îáåñïå÷èâàþùåé äîïîëíèòåëüíûé èñòî÷íèê ðàçíîîáðàçèÿ çà ñ÷åò êîìáèíàòèâíîé ðåêîìáèíàöèè ãåííûõ ñåãìåíòîâ. Ïðåäïîëàãàåòñÿ, ÷òî ýòîò ïåðåõîä òàêæå èìåë âàæíîå çíà÷åíèå äëÿ ðåãóëÿöèè ýêñïðåññèè ãåíîâ è îñóùåñòâëåíèÿ ìåõàíèçìîâ êëîíàëüíîãî îòáîðà àíòèòåëîïðîäóöèðóþùèõ êëåòîê â õîäå èììóííîãî îòâåòà.

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